The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.